One of the first collaborations between Argentinian scientists with CERN took place in 1975-1978 with scientists from the Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMP) participating in the design and modification of power supplies for focusing magnets in the group PS/PO. Subsequently, individual high-energy physicists participated in EMC and L3.

In 1992 an International Cooperation Agreement (ICA) was signed with the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), which was replaced in 2007 by a higher-level ICA with the Government of Argentina. A Protocol to the 2007 ICA was signed in 2009. The President of Argentina visited CERN the same year.

The HELEN Network (2005-2009) was very helpful for the development of CERN-Argentina relations, being instrumental for the groups of the Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and the Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) to become members of the ATLAS Collaboration.The EPLANET programme within FP7 supported the exchange of scientists from Argentinean institutions (UNLP, UNMP and UBA) and other Latin American countries and Europe during the period from February 2011 to January 2016.

The 3rd CERN-Latin American School of High Energy Physics (CLASHEP), for postgraduate students working towards a PhD, was organised in Malargüe (Argentina) in 2005.while the 10th CLASHEP took place in Cordoba (Argentina) in 2019, offering a further possibility to reinforce relations with and gain support from the local high-energy physics community.